銀川溴化鋰(li)直燃制冷(leng)機，又稱非電動空調制冷(leng)機，是利用燃料加(jia)熱(re)機組中的(de)溴化鋰(li)溶液進(jin)入(ru)沸騰狀態(tai)，通過水蒸(zheng)氣的(de)一(yi)系列(lie)狀態(tai)變(bian)化與空調水和冷(leng)卻水進(jin)行(xing)冷(leng)熱(re)交換，從(cong)而達(da)到制冷(leng)制熱(re)的(de)效果。溴化鋰(li)直燃制冷(leng)機是一(yi)種大型(xing)集中供(gong)熱(re)供(gong)冷(leng)的(de)中央空調設備，廣泛(fan)應用于大型(xing)商業建筑、寫(xie)字樓等公共(gong)場(chang)所。

　　銀(yin)川(chuan)溴化鋰直(zhi)燃制(zhi)冷機主要由高溫發(fa)生器(qi)、冷凝(ning)器(qi)、蒸發(fa)器(qi)、吸收器(qi)、冷卻水、空調(diao)水系統等輔(fu)助模塊組成。加熱(re)原(yuan)理(li)相對(dui)簡(jian)單(dan)，多發(fa)部分可以通過(guo)直(zhi)接與空調(diao)水進行熱(re)交換來達到(dao)加熱(re)效果。與加熱(re)相比，制(zhi)冷過(guo)程(cheng)和原(yuan)理(li)難以理(li)解。本文簡(jian)要介紹了其(qi)制(zhi)冷過(guo)程(cheng)和原(yuan)理(li)。

　　制冷和(he)加(jia)熱都是從多發開始的。多發等同于(yu)整個機組(zu)(zu)心臟(zang)。溴化鋰溶(rong)液等同于(yu)機組(zu)(zu)血液，高壓水蒸(zheng)氣等同于(yu)機組(zu)(zu)骨髓。為(wei)了(le)了(le)解制冷的原理(li)和(he)過程，我們需(xu)要了(le)解溴化鋰溶(rong)液和(he)高壓水蒸(zheng)氣在機組(zu)(zu)中的行走路(lu)線，并穿插相關的理(li)論知識來解釋相關的過程和(he)節點(dian)。

　　首先，從(cong)(cong)多(duo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)出發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)區溶液(ye)(ye)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)燃(ran)料(liao)加熱(re)到沸(fei)(fei)騰狀態(tai)(tai)。由(you)于溴化鋰溶質沸(fei)(fei)點高(gao)(gao)(gao)，約1300度(du)(du)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)沸(fei)(fei)點100度(du)(du)，形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)為水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)，腔體內(nei)(nei)的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)低發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，濃(nong)(nong)縮的(de)溴化鋰溶液(ye)(ye)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)溢出管(guan)(guan)道(dao)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)高(gao)(gao)(gao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)熱(re);管(guan)(guan)道(dao)內(nei)(nei)的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)低發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，將(jiang)低發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)溶液(ye)(ye)加熱(re)至沸(fei)(fei)騰，低發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)產生水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)和濃(nong)(nong)溶液(ye)(ye)。管(guan)(guan)道(dao)內(nei)(nei)的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)由(you)于熱(re)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)而形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)液(ye)(ye)態(tai)(tai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，液(ye)(ye)態(tai)(tai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)冷凝器(qi)(qi)，低發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)濃(nong)(nong)溶液(ye)(ye)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)低交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)熱(re);高(gao)(gao)(gao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)和低交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)熱(re)后，濃(nong)(nong)溶液(ye)(ye)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)吸(xi)收(shou)。從(cong)(cong)冷凝器(qi)(qi)端(duan)流出，空(kong)調(diao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)銅管(guan)(guan)從(cong)(cong)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)器(qi)(qi)底部進(jin)(jin)入(ru)，從(cong)(cong)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)器(qi)(qi)頂(ding)部流出;在冷凝器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，冷卻水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)(yu)液(ye)(ye)態(tai)(tai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)熱(re)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)，液(ye)(ye)態(tai)(tai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)變形(xing)(xing)約39度(du)(du)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)器(qi)(qi)，蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)真(zhen)空(kong)環境，溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)器(qi)(qi)后體積(ji)迅速(su)增(zeng)大(da)，蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，俗稱(cheng)閃發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。根據理想方(fang)(fang)(fang)程，其溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)迅速(su)下降至5度(du)(du)左右;吸(xi)收(shou)器(qi)(qi)與(yu)(yu)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)器(qi)(qi)相連，但兩(liang)者(zhe)之間(jian)存在相對壓(ya)(ya)差。在蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，空(kong)調(diao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)(yu)低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)熱(re)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)，空(kong)調(diao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)冷卻后送到客戶端(duan)冷卻，低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)凝結成(cheng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)真(zhen)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)。機組熱(re)量被(bei)帶走，濃(nong)(nong)溶液(ye)(ye)吸(xi)收(shou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)稀溶液(ye)(ye)到機組儲液(ye)(ye)罐(guan)。在泵力的(de)作用(yong)下，儲液(ye)(ye)罐(guan)中(zhong)的(de)稀溶液(ye)(ye)分(fen)為兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)，一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)付達到多(duo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)低交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)付達到低發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)制冷循環。

　　持續冷(leng)卻(que)是上(shang)述(shu)冷(leng)循環的重復，這(zhe)是冷(leng)卻(que)過程(cheng)中最簡單的定(ding)性分析。如(ru)果需(xu)要(yao)定(ding)量分析，需(xu)要(yao)查詢熱(re)工相關信息，需(xu)要(yao)進(jin)一(yi)步的理論學習(xi)。