溴化鋰直燃機具體的工作原理介紹
溴化鋰直燃機和吸收式(shi)制冷(leng)(leng)機的集成是一項新興技術(shu),它使用多種燃料發電(dian),小規(gui)模分布式(shi)發電(dian)的冷(leng)(leng)熱電(dian)聯供地點。在這些(xie)系(xi)統(tong)中,MGT廢氣是驅(qu)動冷(leng)(leng)卻器的加熱介質。此外,還使用后燃天然氣來增加系(xi)統(tong)的冷(leng)(leng)卻能力。
與(yu)傳統(tong)系(xi)統(tong)相比,溴化鋰直(zhi)燃機新(xin)技術的(de)主(zhu)要優點是(shi)(shi)制冷(leng)機的(de)COP更(geng)高(gao),因為(wei)它們由(you)更(geng)高(gao)的(de)溫度驅動(dong),電力和(he)冷(leng)凍水(shui)的(de)生產(chan)是(shi)(shi)解(jie)耦的(de),并且(qie)有更(geng)大范圍(wei)的(de)冷(leng)凍水(shui)生產(chan)能力。
溴化(hua)鋰(li)直燃機工作原(yuan)理:
溴(xiu)化(hua)鋰(li)直燃(ran)機采用水作(zuo)為(wei)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑(ji),溴(xiu)化(hua)鋰(li)(LiBr)作(zuo)為(wei)吸(xi)收劑(ji),正是這(zhe)兩種(zhong)物質之間的(de)(de)(de)強烈親和(he)力(li)使制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)機循環工作(zuo)。溴(xiu)化(hua)鋰(li)溶液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)蒸氣壓比制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑(ji)的(de)(de)(de)蒸氣壓低(di),溴(xiu)化(hua)鋰(li)溶液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)蒸氣壓與溶液(ye)(ye)中含有(you)溴(xiu)化(hua)鋰(li)鹽的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑(ji)(水)的(de)(de)(de)量和(he)溶液(ye)(ye)溫度直接(jie)相關(guan),整個(ge)吸(xi)收過程幾乎是一個(ge)完整的(de)(de)(de)過程真空。
循環流程圖(冷(leng)卻(que))蒸(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)器(qi)液(ye)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑(ji)進(jin)入蒸(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)器(qi)并(bing)分(fen)布在管束(shu)頂部(bu),當制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑(ji)液(ye)滴覆蓋(gai)在管子(zi)的外(wai)表面時,流經管子(zi)的冷(leng)卻(que)水回(hui)流產生的熱(re)量使制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑(ji)從液(ye)體(ti)閃蒸(zheng)(zheng)成(cheng)蒸(zheng)(zheng)汽。發(fa)生這種(zhong)情況的溫(wen)度取(qu)決于蒸(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)器(qi)殼體(ti)壓力(li),該壓力(li)由冷(leng)卻(que)器(qi)加熱(re)器(qi)的吸收器(qi)部(bu)分(fen)決定。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑(ji)蒸(zheng)(zheng)汽通(tong)過除霧器(qi)進(jin)入制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)機加熱(re)器(qi)的吸收器(qi)部(bu)分(fen)。當液(ye)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑(ji)通(tong)過蒸(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)器(qi)管束(shu)時,越來越多的制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑(ji)蒸(zheng)(zheng)發(fa)。底部(bu)保持(chi)液(ye)態的制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑(ji)排放到制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑(ji)罐中,并(bing)被泵(beng)送回(hui)管束(shu)頂部(bu),重(zhong)復此過程。
濃縮的(de)溴(xiu)化鋰(li)溶液(ye)進入制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)機加(jia)熱器(qi)(qi)的(de)吸(xi)收(shou)器(qi)(qi)部(bu)分(fen),并(bing)噴灑(sa)在吸(xi)收(shou)器(qi)(qi)管(guan)束上。由于(yu)濃縮溶液(ye)的(de)蒸汽(qi)(qi)壓很低(di),蒸發器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑(ji)(ji)(水)蒸汽(qi)(qi)流入吸(xi)收(shou)器(qi)(qi)并(bing)被吸(xi)收(shou)到(dao)溴(xiu)化鋰(li)溶液(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)。當制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)劑(ji)(ji)(水)被吸(xi)收(shou)到(dao)溴(xiu)化鋰(li)溶液(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)時,這種傳質過程降低(di)了溴(xiu)化鋰(li)溶液(ye)的(de)濃度(du)。稀(xi)釋過程產生熱量,如果(guo)不冷(leng)卻,最終會停止,因為溶液(ye)溫度(du)會隨著蒸汽(qi)(qi)的(de)相應升(sheng)高而升(sheng)高壓力。這個這類似于(yu)關(guan)閉葉片或在負載恒定(ding)的(de)冷(leng)卻加(jia)熱器(qi)(qi)上減(jian)慢離心壓縮機的(de)速(su)度(du)。
吸收器管(guan)(guan)束內流動(dong)的(de)水來自冷卻塔,當溴(xiu)化鋰溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液流經管(guan)(guan)束時,用于冷卻溴(xiu)化鋰溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液捆綁。這個(ge)允(yun)許吸收過(guo)程繼續進行,并且(qie)隨(sui)著溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液吸收更(geng)多制(zhi)冷劑蒸汽,溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液變(bian)得更(geng)加稀釋。當溴(xiu)化鋰溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液到(dao)達吸收器部分的(de)底部時,它變(bian)得過(guo)于稀釋,并排放到(dao)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液泵(beng)的(de)吸入口(kou),在那(nei)里它被(bei)重新(xin)吸收-集中注(zhu)意力,兩者都(dou)有制(zhi)冷劑(水)和溴(xiu)化鋰分散系統是重力供給的(de),由不銹鋼(gang)制(zhi)成。
板(ban)式換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)離開吸收器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)部分的稀釋(shi)(弱(ruo))溴化鋰溶液(ye)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)各(ge)種板(ban)式換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(如(ru)低(di)溫換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、制冷(leng)劑冷(leng)凝換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)高(gao)溫換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi))泵(beng)送(song),然后(hou)進(jin)入(ru)高(gao)溫發生(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)低(di)溫發生(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)部分。這些板(ban)式換(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)預(yu)熱(re)(re)稀溶液(ye)提供(gong)循(xun)環效率。對稀溶液(ye)進(jin)行預(yu)熱(re)(re),減(jian)少了(le)高(gao)溫發生(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)部分驅動熱(re)(re)源的消耗。濃縮溶液(ye)從發生(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)流(liu)出,并通(tong)過(guo)(guo)各(ge)種熱(re)(re)交換(huan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)回(hui)流(liu)。
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